Saco-Indonesia.com - Setelah perjuangan panjang, Asosiasi Televisi Jaringan Indonesia akhirnya merasa lega. Mahkamah Agung membatalkan peraturan Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Tifatul Sembiring soal penyelenggaraan penyiaran televisi digital terestrial penerimaan tetap tidak berbayar berisi 22 pasal mengatur tentang televisi digital.
Tetapi, para pengusaha televisi daerah ini harus kembali gigit jari. Aturan lama hanya berubah nomor menjadi aturan nomor 32 tahun 2013 dengan substansi dan isi sama dengan aturan dibatalkan Mahkamah Agung . Harapan adanya pergantian seleksi tidak terwujud. Perubahan kentara cuma pada pergantian zona layanan. Awalnya dibagi berdasarkan wilayah berganti menjadi per provinsi sesuai jumlah provinsi di Indonesia. Juga tidak ada jangka waktu penutupan kanal analog.
Artinya, para pemilik televisi lama selain menikmati frekuensi analog juga memperoleh keuntungan dari frekuensi digital. Tetapi, bagi para pemilik televisi lokal tidak terkait taipan televisi di Jakarta, harus bersiap mengalokasikan dana gede tanpa perlindungan dalam transisi analog ke digital. Bahkan, beberapa pengusaha televisi analog diminta tidak menuntut ganti rugi kepada pemerintah.
MA ( Mahkamah Agung ) menilai Permen 22 tidak sah. Kehadiran Permen 32 hanya untuk melegalkan yang ilegal, kata Ketua Asosiasi Televisi Jaringan Indonesia Bambang Santoso beberapa waktu lalu dalam diskusi problematik televisi digital.
Menurut target ditetapkan awal tahun lalu, digitalisasi dunia penyiaran dalam negeri mestinya sudah dimulai bertahap. Pada 2015, seluruh televisi saat ini menggunakan jaringan analog harus berubah ke kanal digital.
Perubahan kanal dari analog ke digital ini sebagai kesepakatan Persatuan Telekomunikasi Internasional (ITU). Pada 17 Juni 2015 seluruh dunia wajib berpindah dari penyiaran televisi analog ke penyiaran televisi digital.
Pemerintah menyiapkan sekitar 227 wilayah layanan dibagi dalam dua kategori: daerah ekonomi maju dan daerah ekonomi kurang maju. Tetapi, publik mengkritik slot kanal disediakan oleh pemerintah habis dan dinikmati oleh para pemain lama, seperti MNC Group milik Hary Tanoesoedibjo , Metro TV kepunyaan Surya Paloh , keluarga Bakrie dengan Viva Group, Elang Teknologi (SCTV dan Indosiar) dimiliki keluarga Sariaatmadja, dan Trans Corp dipunyai Chairul Tandjung .
Hitungan kasar, dalam satu wilayah layanan bisa ada ratusan televisi beroperasi. Misalnya di Jawa Barat dengan wilayah paling luas. Dengan sebelas layanan akan hadir sekitar 549 kanal. Saat ini paling tidak ada 90 pemohon kanal televisi digital di Jawa Barat.
Secara substansial, isi aturan lama dan baru tidak jauh berbeda. Semua ini memperlihatkan permen 32 mempertahankan konsentrasi kepemilikan, ujar Direktur Lembaga Pemantau Regulasi dan Regulator Media (PR2Media) Amir Effendi Siregar.
Dia mewanti-wanti Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Tifatul Sembiring agar dunia penyiaran diatur dengan menjamin kebebasan dan demokrasi. Aturan juga mesti berprinsip efisiensi, frekuensi emas, peningkatan kualitas, dan munculnya banyak pemain baru.
Staf Ahli Menteri Komunikasi dan Informasi Hendry Subianto menegaskan pihaknya tetap akan melanjutkan proses digitalisasi dunia penyiaran. Pemerintah menilai putusan Mahkamah Agung tidak bersifat retroaktif. Keputusan MA tersebut tidak membatalkan proses migrasi teknologi sistem televisi analog ke sistem televisi digital, tuturnya.
Pemerintah, kata dia, harus mengupayakan payung hukum bagi perkembangan teknologi agar masyarakat tidak dirugikan. Dia mengimbau masyarakat dan pelaku industri televisi tidak resah karena aturan baru menteri segera terbit.
Negative View of U.S. Race Relations Grows, Poll Finds
Public perceptions of race relations in America have grown substantially more negative in the aftermath of the death of a young black man who was injured while in police custody in Baltimore and the subsequent unrest, far eclipsing the sentiment recorded in the wake of turmoil in Ferguson, Mo., last summer.
The poll findings highlight the challenges for local leaders and police officials in trying to maintain order while sustaining faith in the criminal justice system in a racially polarized nation.
Sixty-one percent of Americans now say race relations in this country are generally bad. That figure is up sharply from 44 percent after the fatal police shooting of Michael Brown and the unrest that followed in Ferguson in August, and 43 percent in December. In a CBS News poll just two months ago, 38 percent said race relations were generally bad. Current views are by far the worst of Barack Obama’s presidency.
The negative sentiment is echoed by broad majorities of blacks and whites alike, a stark change from earlier this year, when 58 percent of blacks thought race relations were bad, but just 35 percent of whites agreed. In August, 48 percent of blacks and 41 percent of whites said they felt that way.
Looking ahead, 44 percent of Americans think race relations are worsening, up from 36 percent in December. Forty-one percent of blacks and 46 percent of whites think so. Pessimism among whites has increased 10 points since December.
Do you think race relations in the United States are getting better, getting worse or staying about the same?
Getting worse
Staying the same
Getting better
Don't know/No answer
All adults
Whites
Blacks
44%
37
17
46
36
16
41
42
15
The poll finds that profound racial divisions in views of how the police use deadly force remain. Blacks are more than twice as likely to say police in most communities are more apt to use deadly force against a black person — 79 percent of blacks say so compared with 37 percent of whites. A slim majority of whites say race is not a factor in a police officer’s decision to use deadly force.
Overall, 44 percent of Americans say deadly force is more likely to be used against a black person, up from 37 percent in August and 40 percent in December.
Blacks also remain far more likely than whites to say they feel mostly anxious about the police in their community. Forty-two percent say so, while 51 percent feel mostly safe. Among whites, 8 in 10 feel mostly safe.
One proposal to address the matter — having on-duty police officers wear body cameras — receives overwhelming support. More than 9 in 10 whites and blacks alike favor it.
In general, do you think the police in most communities are more likely to use deadly force against a black person, or more likely to use it against a white person, or don’t you think race affects police use of deadly force?
Police more likely to use deadly force against a black person
Police more likely to use deadly force against a white person
Do you favor or oppose on-duty police officers wearing video cameras that would record events and actions as they occur?
Favor
Oppose
Don't know/No answer
All adults
Whites
Blacks
92%
93%
93%
6%
5%
5%
2%
2%
2%
Asked specifically about the situation in Baltimore, most Americans expressed at least some confidence that the investigation by local authorities would be conducted fairly. But while nearly two-thirds of whites think so, fewer than half of blacks agree. Still, more blacks are confident now than were in August regarding the investigation in Ferguson. On Friday, six members of the police force involved in the arrest of Mr. Gray were charged with serious offenses, including manslaughter. The poll was conducted Thursday through Sunday; results from before charges were announced are similar to those from after.
Reaction to the recent turmoil in Baltimore, however, is similar among blacks and whites. Most Americans, 61 percent, say the unrest after Mr. Gray’s death was not justified. That includes 64 percent of whites and 57 percent of blacks.
As you may know, a Baltimore man, Freddie Gray, recently died after being in the custody of the Baltimore police. How much confidence do you have that the investigation by local authorities into this matter will be conducted fairly?
A lot
Some
Not much
None at all
Don't know/No answer
All adults
Whites
Blacks
29%
31
22
14
5
31
33
20
11
5
20
26
30
22
In general, do you think the unrest in Baltimore after the death of Freddie Gray was justified, or do you think the unrest was not justified?
Justified
Not justified
Don't know/No answer
All adults
Whites
Blacks
28%
61
11
26
64
11
37
57
6
The nationwide poll was conducted from April 30 to May 3 on landlines and cellphones with 1,027 adults, including 793 whites and 128 blacks. The margin of sampling error is plus or minus three percentage points for all adults, four percentage points for whites and nine percentage points for blacks. See the full poll here.
