Saco-
Indonesia.com - Serangan stroke dapat terjadi tiba-tiba, namun tanda-tandanya sebenarnya
dapat dideteksi. Para ahli mengatakan, semakin dini stroke dikenali dan diobati, maka semakin
besar kemungkinan untuk sembuh dan terhindar dari risiko kelumpuhan.
Mati rasa
pada wajah, lengan, kaki di satu sisi tubuh, disertai kebingungan dan masalah berbicara merupakan
tanda-tanda seseorang mengalami stroke. Selain itu, ada pula tanda-tanda seperti pusing dan sakit
kepala parah, mengalami masalah berjalan, hilang penglihatan di satu atau kedua mata.
Kepala Divisi Stroke di NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical
Center mengatakan, ketika seseorang terkena stroke, mereka akan menunjukkan tanda-tanda perubahan
fisik yang dapat dikenali, ringan ataupun ekstrem.
Berikut adalah
beberapa tanda yang perlu diwaspadai :
1. Tiba-tiba mati rasa atau
lemah pada bagian wajah, lengan, atau kaki - terutama pada satu sisi tubuh.
Orang dengan stroke biasanya akan memiliki bentuk mulut "tidak rata" alias
mencong. Perlu diwaspadai juga apabila mereka (orang yang dicurigai stroke) mengalami kesulitan
menggerakkan lengan atau mengendalikan jari. Misalnya, ketika mengangkat kedua tangan, tangan
yang sebelah lebih tinggi dibandingkan tangan yang lain.
2. Tiba-tiba
kebingungan dan kesulitan berbicara.
Masalah bahasa adalah salah satu
tanda-tanda yang paling umum dari stroke. Seseorang yang mengalami stroke tiba-tiba mungkin akan
mengalami masalah ketika mereka bicara. Bahkan, beberapa di antaranya juga mengalami penurunan
pemahaman. Mintalah dia (orang yang dicurigai stroke) untuk mengulangi kembali kalimat sederhana
kepada Anda, misalnya: "Saya pergi ke toko hari ini." Jika ia mengalami kesulitan
mengulangi kata-kata itu bisa jadi dia mengalami stroke.
3.
Pengelihatan mendadak terganggu.
Gangguan pengelihatan yang datang
secara tiba-tiba merupakan gejala stroke yang umum. Mereka mungkin tidak akan mampu melihat
dengan jelas dengan satu mata, atau mungkin mengalami kesulitan untuk melihat ke kanan atau
kiri.
4. Tiba-tiba kesulitan berjalan, kehilangan
keseimbangan atau koordinasi.
Berjalan seolah-olah mabuk,
tersandung, atau bahkan jatuh adalah semua gejala stroke. Tanda-tanda serupa lainnya seperti
berjalan dengan kaki terbuka lebar atau tiba-tiba kehilangan kemampuan motorik halus, seperti
ketidakmampuan untuk menulis juga patut diwaspadai.
5. Sakit kepala
parah tiba-tiba tanpa diketahui penyebabnya.
Gangguan sakit kepala tidak
selalu identik dengan gejala stroke. Tetapi, jika sakit kepala menyerang tiba-tiba atau tampak
sangat intens, patut untuk diwaspadai. Jika leher kaku, nyeri pada wajah, atau muntah yang
disertai sakit kepala bukan tidak mungkin akan menyebabkan terjadinya perdarahan intrakranial,
juga dikenal sebagai "stroke merah (red sroke)."
Pencegahan
Pengobatan dini dapat mencegah
kerusakan yang lebih besar akibat stroke. Salah satu pengobatan umum stroke yaitu dengan
tissue plasminogen activator (TPA). Obat ini disuntikkan ke arteri atau vena yang kemudian
akan melarutkan sumbatan di pembuluh darah sehingga darah kembali mengalir ke otak.
Stroke merupakan penyakit pemicu kematian yang serius, namun sebenarnya dapat dicegah.
Perubahan gaya hidup perlu ditingkatkan guna mengurangi risiko stroke. Berikut beberapa perubahan
gaya hidup yang dapat dilakukan :
- Kurangi garam
Mengurangi konsumsi garam dapat menurunkan tekanan darah sehingga mengurangi risiko
stroke.
- Konsumsi makanan sehat
Kurangi
kolesterol "jahat" dapat meningkatkan kesehatan jantung dan mengurangi risiko stroke.
Kadar kolesterol harus di bawah 200 mg/dL.
- Stop merokok
Perokok memiliki risiko stroke dua kali lipat. Merokok dapat merusak pembuluh
darah dan meningkatkan tekanan darah, serta mempercepat penyumbatan di pembuluh darah.
- Hidup aktif dan olahraga
Orang yang kelebihan
berat badan atau obesitas memiliki risiko yang lebih besar memiliki kadar kolesterol tinggi,
hipertensi, diabetes, dan stroke. Olahraga dapat mengurangi berat badan sehingga mengurangi
risiko penyakit-penyakit tersebut.
Meskipun telah mengubah gaya hidup, para
ahli mengatakan orang yang berusia di atas 55 tahun memiliki risiko yang lebih besar terkena
stroke. Selain itu, meskipun stroke lebih umum terjadi di kalangan kaum Adam, namun wanita pun
tak terlepas dari risikonya.
Sumber :Healthday News
Editor : Liwon Maulana(galipat)
CARA CEPAT KENALI GEJALA STROKE
From sea to shining sea, or at least from one side of the Hudson to the other, politicians you have barely heard of are being accused of wrongdoing. There were so many court proceedings involving public officials on Monday that it was hard to keep up.
In Newark, two underlings of Gov. Chris Christie were arraigned on charges that they were in on the truly deranged plot to block traffic leading onto the George Washington Bridge.
Ten miles away, in Lower Manhattan, Dean G. Skelos, the leader of the New York State Senate, and his son, Adam B. Skelos, were arrested by the Federal Bureau of Investigation on accusations of far more conventional political larceny, involving a job with a sewer company for the son and commissions on title insurance and bond work.
The younger man managed to receive a 150 percent pay increase from the sewer company even though, as he said on tape, he “literally knew nothing about water or, you know, any of that stuff,” according to a criminal complaint the United States attorney’s office filed.
The success of Adam Skelos, 32, was attributed by prosecutors to his father’s influence as the leader of the Senate and as a potentate among state Republicans. The indictment can also be read as one of those unfailingly sad tales of a father who cannot stop indulging a grown son. The senator himself is not alleged to have profited from the schemes, except by being relieved of the burden of underwriting Adam.
The bridge traffic caper is its own species of crazy; what distinguishes the charges against the two Skeloses is the apparent absence of a survival instinct. It is one thing not to know anything about water or that stuff. More remarkable, if true, is the fact that the sewer machinations continued even after the former New York Assembly speaker, Sheldon Silver, was charged in January with taking bribes disguised as fees.
It was by then common gossip in political and news media circles that Senator Skelos, a Republican, the counterpart in the Senate to Mr. Silver, a Democrat, in the Assembly, could be next in line for the criminal dock. “Stay tuned,” the United States attorney, Preet Bharara said, leaving not much to the imagination.
Even though the cat had been unmistakably belled, Skelos father and son continued to talk about how to advance the interests of the sewer company, though the son did begin to use a burner cellphone, the kind people pay for in cash, with no traceable contracts.
That was indeed prudent, as prosecutors had been wiretapping the cellphones of both men. But it would seem that the burner was of limited value, because by then the prosecutors had managed to secure the help of a business executive who agreed to record calls with the Skeloses. It would further seem that the business executive was more attentive to the perils of pending investigations than the politician.
Through the end of the New York State budget negotiations in March, the hopes of the younger Skelos rested on his father’s ability to devise legislation that would benefit the sewer company. That did not pan out. But Senator Skelos did boast that he had haggled with Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo, a Democrat, in a successful effort to raise a $150 million allocation for Long Island to $550 million, for what the budget called “transformative economic development projects.” It included money for the kind of work done by the sewer company.
The lawyer for Adam Skelos said he was not guilty and would win in court. Senator Skelos issued a ringing declaration that he was unequivocally innocent.
THIS was also the approach taken in New Jersey by Bill Baroni, a man of great presence and eloquence who stopped outside the federal courthouse to note that he had taken risks as a Republican by bucking his party to support paid family leave, medical marijuana and marriage equality. “I would never risk my career, my job, my reputation for something like this,” Mr. Baroni said. “I am an innocent man.”
The lawyer for his co-defendant, Bridget Anne Kelly, the former deputy chief of staff to Mr. Christie, a Republican, said that she would strongly rebut the charges.
Perhaps they had nothing to do with the lane closings. But neither Mr. Baroni nor Ms. Kelly addressed the question of why they did not return repeated calls from the mayor of Fort Lee, N.J., begging them to stop the traffic tie-ups, over three days.
That silence was a low moment. But perhaps New York hit bottom faster. Senator Skelos, the prosecutors charged, arranged to meet Long Island politicians at the wake of Wenjian Liu, a New York City police officer shot dead in December, to press for payments to the company employing his son.
Sometimes it seems as though for some people, the only thing to be ashamed of is shame itself.
Finding Scandal in New York and New Jersey, but No Shame