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Keistimewaan Umroh Ramadhan Bulan Penuh Ampunan

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Fran ois Michelin Head of Tire Company Dies at 88

Pada Tahap Perkembangan Bayi Juga Memicu Gangguan Tidur

Saco-Indonesia.com - Meski terlihat banyak tidur, bukan berarti bayi tidak memiliki gangguan tidur. Bagaimana pun bayi juga bisa terbangun tiba-tiba dari tidurnya lantaran adanya perubahan di dalam tubuhnya.

Gangguan tidur pada bayi umumnya terjadi saat bayi sakit, atau lingkungan seperti terlalu dingin atau terlalu berisik. Namun ternyata milestone perkembangan bayi juga dapat mengakibatkan gangguan tidur si kecil.

Inilah beberapa milestone perkembangan yang menyebabkan gangguan tidur pada bayi.

1. Cemas Ditinggal
Menurut situs Baby Center, bayi sudah dapat merasakan kecemasan jika ditinggal ibu atau pengasuhnya saat ia berusia enam hingga tujuh bulan, namun umumnya bayi mengalaminya di usia 12 hingga 18 bulan. Pada saat ini, bayi mulai merasa sangat terhubung dengan orang-orang terdekatnya. Maka ketika orang-orang terdekatnya meninggalkannya, ia pun merasa cemas dan akhirnya mengalami gangguan tidur.

Jika bayi harus tidur terpisah, maka sebaiknya bayi diberikan waktu yang lebih lama untuk ditemani sebelum tidur. Dengan begitu, bayi akan merasa lebih tenang dan gangguan tidurnya pun akan berkurang.

2. Tumbuh gigi
Bayi berusia tiga bulan sudah mulai mengalami tumbuh gigi yang membuatnya merasakan sakit. Rasa sakit inilah yang mungkin menyebabkan gangguan tidurnya.

3. Perkembangan motorik
Kemampuan motorik baru pada bayi seperti duduk, merangkak, dan berdiri memberikan semangat padanya sehingga menyulitkan tidurnya. Biasanya bayi akan menolak untuk tidur dan lebih aktif. Maka sebaiknya bayi dibiarkan aktif di siang hari untuk membuatnya lebih lelah sehingga mau tertidur di malam hari.

4. Perubahan makan
Sebagian bayi mungkin tidur lebih lama ketika baru diberikan makanan padat lantaran merasa kenyang lebih lama. Namun tidak semua bayi merasa demikian, sebagian lagi mungkin merasa reaksi pencernaan yang berlebihan dan membuatnya tidak nyaman dan sulit tidur.

5. Eksplorasi
Ketika beranjak menjadi batita, bayi mulai ingin mengeksplorasi kemampuannya, sehingga cenderung menolak untuk tidur. Maka sebaiknya mereka diberikan kegiatan menyenangkan sebelum tidur, seperti didongengi agar tertarik untuk tidur.

 

Sumber :LiveStrong/http://health.kompas.com/read/2013/06/03/1705501/Tahap.Perkembangan.Bayi.Jug a.Memicu.Gangguan.Tidur
Editor :Liwon Maulana
Pada Tahap Perkembangan Bayi Juga Memicu Gangguan Tidur

Negative View of U.S. Race Relations Grows, Poll Finds

Public perceptions of race relations in America have grown substantially more negative in the aftermath of the death of a young black man who was injured while in police custody in Baltimore and the subsequent unrest, far eclipsing the sentiment recorded in the wake of turmoil in Ferguson, Mo., last summer.

Americans are also increasingly likely to say that the police are more apt to use deadly force against a black person, the latest New York Times/CBS News poll finds.

The poll findings highlight the challenges for local leaders and police officials in trying to maintain order while sustaining faith in the criminal justice system in a racially polarized nation.

Sixty-one percent of Americans now say race relations in this country are generally bad. That figure is up sharply from 44 percent after the fatal police shooting of Michael Brown and the unrest that followed in Ferguson in August, and 43 percent in December. In a CBS News poll just two months ago, 38 percent said race relations were generally bad. Current views are by far the worst of Barack Obama’s presidency.

The negative sentiment is echoed by broad majorities of blacks and whites alike, a stark change from earlier this year, when 58 percent of blacks thought race relations were bad, but just 35 percent of whites agreed. In August, 48 percent of blacks and 41 percent of whites said they felt that way.

Looking ahead, 44 percent of Americans think race relations are worsening, up from 36 percent in December. Forty-one percent of blacks and 46 percent of whites think so. Pessimism among whites has increased 10 points since December.

Do you think race relations in the United States are generally good or generally bad?
60
40
20
0
White
Black
May '14
May '15
Generally bad
 
 
Do you think race relations in the United States are getting better, getting worse or staying about the same?
Getting worse
Staying the same
Getting better
Don't know/No answer
All adults
Whites
Blacks
44%
37
17
46
36
16
41
42
15
 
 

The poll finds that profound racial divisions in views of how the police use deadly force remain. Blacks are more than twice as likely to say police in most communities are more apt to use deadly force against a black person — 79 percent of blacks say so compared with 37 percent of whites. A slim majority of whites say race is not a factor in a police officer’s decision to use deadly force.

Overall, 44 percent of Americans say deadly force is more likely to be used against a black person, up from 37 percent in August and 40 percent in December.

Blacks also remain far more likely than whites to say they feel mostly anxious about the police in their community. Forty-two percent say so, while 51 percent feel mostly safe. Among whites, 8 in 10 feel mostly safe.

One proposal to address the matter — having on-duty police officers wear body cameras — receives overwhelming support. More than 9 in 10 whites and blacks alike favor it.

How would you describe your feelings about the police in your community? Would you say they make you feel mostly safe or mostly anxious?
Mostly safe
Mostly anxious
Don't know/No answer
All adults
Whites
Blacks
75%
21
3
81
16
3
51
42
7
 
 
In general, do you think the police in most communities are more likely to use deadly force against a black person, or more likely to use it against a white person, or don’t you think race affects police use of deadly force?
Police more likely to use deadly force against a black person
Police more likely to use deadly force against a white person
Race DOES NOT affect police use of deadly force
Don't know/No answer
All adults
Whites
Blacks
44%
37%
79%
2%
2%
1%
46%
53%
16%
9%
8%
4%
 
 
Do you favor or oppose on-duty police officers wearing video cameras that would record events and actions as they occur?
Favor
Oppose
Don't know/No answer
All adults
Whites
Blacks
92%
93%
93%
6%
5%
5%
2%
2%
2%
 
 

Asked specifically about the situation in Baltimore, most Americans expressed at least some confidence that the investigation by local authorities would be conducted fairly. But while nearly two-thirds of whites think so, fewer than half of blacks agree. Still, more blacks are confident now than were in August regarding the investigation in Ferguson. On Friday, six members of the police force involved in the arrest of Mr. Gray were charged with serious offenses, including manslaughter. The poll was conducted Thursday through Sunday; results from before charges were announced are similar to those from after.

Reaction to the recent turmoil in Baltimore, however, is similar among blacks and whites. Most Americans, 61 percent, say the unrest after Mr. Gray’s death was not justified. That includes 64 percent of whites and 57 percent of blacks.

As you may know, a Baltimore man, Freddie Gray, recently died after being in the custody of the Baltimore police. How much confidence do you have that the investigation by local authorities into this matter will be conducted fairly?
A lot
Some
Not much
None at all
Don't know/No answer
All adults
Whites
Blacks
29%
31
22
14
5
31
33
20
11
5
20
26
30
22
 
 
In general, do you think the unrest in Baltimore after the death of Freddie Gray was justified, or do you think the unrest was not justified?
Justified
Not justified
Don't know/No answer
All adults
Whites
Blacks
28%
61
11
26
64
11
37
57
6
 
 

The nationwide poll was conducted from April 30 to May 3 on landlines and cellphones with 1,027 adults, including 793 whites and 128 blacks. The margin of sampling error is plus or minus three percentage points for all adults, four percentage points for whites and nine percentage points for blacks. See the full poll here.

Negative View of U.S. Race Relations Grows, Poll Finds

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